Titanium metal forging refers to applying external force to titanium metal through forging machinery (çekiç dövmek gibi, dövme presleri, vesaire.) plastik halde şekil ve yapısal değişikliklere neden olmak, ve sonuçta gerekli şekle sahip parçalar oluşturun, boyut ve fiziksel özellikler. Bileşenlerin işleme süreci. What are the main reasons for titanium metal forging?
1. Improve mechanical properties
2. Improve internal quality and improve quality
3. Forging can make the strength of titanium metal the same in all directions, making it stronger and more reliable.
4. Improve corrosion resistance
5. Customize complex shapes
6. Costs can be reduced in mass production
7. Meet the needs of high temperature and extreme environment applications
8. Compared with cutting and other processing, forging can use materials to a greater extent and improve utilization rate.
1. Titanium metal forging process flow
(1) Raw material preparation: Selecting suitable titanium metal raw materials (such as titanium ingots or titanium rods) usually requires chemical composition analysis and physical property testing to ensure that it meets the forging requirements.
(2) Heating: Heating titanium metal to an appropriate temperature (usually between 800°C and 950°C) to improve its plasticity and reduce deformation resistance. The heating temperature must be strictly controlled because titanium metal is prone to oxidation at high temperatures.
(3) Forging: Apply pressure to the heated titanium metal through a forging hammer or forging press to deform it and obtain the desired shape. Commonly used forging methods include open die forging and closed die forging.
(4) Cooling: After forging is completed, proper cooling is required to avoid deformation and cracks caused by thermal stress. The cooling rate is usually slow to ensure that the internal structure of the metal is stable.
(5) Post-processing: Surface treatment, ısıl işlem (such as annealing) and mechanical processing (such as turning, bileme, vesaire.) are performed as needed to achieve the size, shape and surface quality requirements of the final part.
1. Open Die Forging
·Features: Açık kalıp dövme, also called free forging, is the most commonly used method in titanium alloy forging. The desired shape is produced by applying pressure to the titanium alloy blank so that it deforms between the upper and lower hammer heads. This method does not restrict the flow of the blank and therefore enables the production of large-sized and complex-shaped parts.
·Advantages: Ability to produce large-sized, complex-shaped titanium alloy parts with high material utilization.
·Application: Widely used in aerospace, shipbuilding, power generation equipment and other fields to produce large parts such as titanium alloy discs and shafts.
2. Closed Die Forging
·Features: Closed die forging is also called precision forging. The titanium alloy blank is pressed between the two halves of the mold. The shape of the mold determines the shape of the finished product, so precise, complex parts can be produced.
·Advantages: high precision, good surface quality, and higher material utilization than open die forging. Parts with good consistency can be produced in large quantities.
·Application: Suitable for the production of small and medium-sized parts, such as turbine blades, aircraft engine parts, vesaire.
3. Isothermal Forging
·Features: During the forging process, the mold and titanium alloy blank are kept at the same high temperature for forging, which reduces the flow resistance of the material and reduces stress and defects that may occur during the forging process.
·Advantages: Able to produce high-precision, high-quality titanium alloy parts, suitable for producing parts with uniform wall thickness and complex shapes.
·Application: Widely used in the manufacturing of key structural parts in the aerospace field, such as engine blades, turbine disks, vesaire.
4. Superplastic Forming
·Features: Superplastic forming utilizes the superplastic deformation characteristics of titanium alloy at high temperatures to allow titanium alloy materials to flow slowly in the mold to form complex shapes through low strain rates.
·Advantages: Very complex shapes can be manufactured, reducing the need for welding and improving the overall strength of the part.
·Application: Mainly used for manufacturing complex aerospace structural parts, such as wing skins, fairings, vesaire.
5. Rotary Forging
·Features: Rotary forging is a special closed-die forging process in which the blank rotates in the die and is gradually compressed into shape. This method allows precise control of metal flow direction and speed.
·Advantages: Able to produce high-strength, high-precision titanium alloy parts, suitable for thinner ring-shaped and cup-shaped parts.
·Applications: Commonly used in manufacturing high-strength precision parts in the aerospace and automotive fields.
6. Hassas Dövme
·Features: Precision forging is developed on the basis of closed die forging. It uses high-precision molds and process parameters to make the forgings close to the final product requirements in shape and size, reducing the amount of subsequent machining.
·Advantages: Improved material utilization, reduced manufacturing costs, and improved mechanical properties of parts.
·Application: Widely used in fields with high precision requirements such as aerospace, tıbbi ekipman, and automobiles.
7. Powder Metallurgy Forging
·Features: Titanium alloy powder is pressed into shape and then subjected to high-temperature sintering and forging, which can produce shapes and structures that are difficult to produce using traditional methods.
·Advantages: The composition and microstructure can be precisely controlled to produce materials with specific properties.
·Application: Mainly used for high-performance, special-purpose titanium alloy parts, such as complex parts in certain aerospace and medical fields.
Each forging method has its applicable occasions and advantages. Choosing a suitable forging process requires considerations such as the characteristics of titanium alloy materials, product design requirements, production costs, vesaire.
