1. dövmenin tanımı: Dövme, belirli mekanik özelliklere sahip dövme parçalar elde etmek amacıyla metal boşluklara plastik olarak deforme olmalarını sağlamak için dövme makinelerinin kullanıldığı bir işleme yöntemidir., belirli şekil ve boyutlarda. Dövme işleminin iki ana bileşeninden biridir. (dövme ve damgalama). Titanyum ve titanyum alaşımları, diğer metal malzemeler gibi, generally use forging technology to produce high-quality processed parts. The forging methods of titanium and titanium alloys are divided into: free forging, hot die forging and special forging.
2. Purpose of forging: Forging can eliminate defects such as loose casting produced by metal in the smelting process, optimize the microstructure, and at the same time, because the complete metal flow line is preserved, the mechanical properties of forgings are generally better than those of castings of the same material. Important parts with high loads and severe working conditions in related machinery, except for simpler shapes that can be rolled plates, profiles or welded parts, are mostly forged.
In my opinion: forging is like kneading dough when an old mother processes pasta. The purpose of kneading the dough is to mix the water added to the flour evenly with the flour, and to allow the protein and other nutrients dispersed in the flour to absorb water evenly and gradually condense to form gluten. Under the action of gluten, a network structure is formed, which can wrap the gas produced during fermentation and form a fluffy texture.
3. Free forging
Free forging (ODF) of titanium and titanium alloys: It is a forging method that uses external force to deform titanium and titanium alloys between upper and lower anvils to obtain forgings with certain microstructures, properties, shapes and sizes;
(1) Özellikler:
It can improve the internal structure of the alloy and improve the mechanical properties;
The process is flexible and the blank can flow freely from any direction, which is suitable for the production of large forgings; low cost and economical; the precision of the forged parts is not high, so it cannot be forged too complex;
(2) Free forging can be divided into:
· Manual free forging: that is, the blank is deformed by manpower using tools such as hammers and punches to obtain forgings. Its advantage is low investment, but low production efficiency, and it is only suitable for finishing or forging of uncomplicated small parts;
· Machine free forging: that is, the blank is deformed by the pressure or impact of the machine to obtain forgings. It has high production efficiency and is widely used by us. Common machine free forging equipment includes steam + air free forging hammer, hydraulic press, air hammer, vesaire., among which air hammer is the most widely used.
| Step | Tanım |
| 1. Material Preparation | Titanium ingots, after melting, are machined to remove surface defects and cut off the riser end. |
| 2. Heating | Heat the titanium alloy billet to a suitable temperature, generally within the β-phase zone (850°C–950°C). Proper heating ensures the material reaches a plastic deformation state. Based on production experience: for a 3-ton, φ640mm TC4 titanium ingot, it takes 5.5 hours to reach the target temperature. Heating Phases: – Heating up – Reaching temperature – Holding temperature – Removal from furnace (A detailed “Forging Temperature Record Sheet” includes the heating curve.) |
| 3. Forging | Place the heated titanium alloy billet on the forging press. Control the temperature and deformation ratio (30%-50%). Avoid flattening the material in one blow. Follow a three-stretch, three-upset forging sequence to eliminate casting defects, such as porosity. |
| 4. Cooling | After forging, allow the hot titanium alloy billet to cool in air to room temperature. This enhances strength and toughness. |
4. Hot die forging
Hot die forging (HDF) of titanium and titanium alloys: It is a forging method that uses external force to deform titanium and titanium alloy billets in a die, thereby obtaining forgings with microstructure, performans, shape and high dimensional accuracy;
(1) Özellikler: Kalıpta deformasyon meydana geldiğinden ve kalıbın stroku sabit olduğundan, üretilen dövme parçalar yüksek hassasiyete sahiptir; kuvvet kalıpta aynı olduğundan, dövme çizgileri eşit olarak dağıtılmıştır;
(2) Sıcak kalıpta dövme şu şekilde ayrılabilir::
· Sıradan kalıpta dövme (DF): Metalin kalıp içerisinde ısıtılarak veya ısıtılmadan ekstrüde edilmesiyle elde edilen dövme işlemidir., basınç veya darbe kuvveti kullanarak;
· İzotermal kalıp dövme (IDF): Kütüğün deformasyon sıcaklığına yakın veya ona eşit bir sıcaklığa ısıtılan kalıpla düşük gerinim oranında gerçekleştirilen bir kalıpta dövme işlemidir..
·Süperplastik dövme (SPF): düşük deformasyon oranı koşulları altında bir metalin veya alaşımın dövüldüğü bir işlemi ifade eder, İşlenmiş bir parça elde etmek için belirli deformasyon sıcaklığı ve düzgün ince taneler;
5. Special forging
Special forging (SF) of titanium and titanium alloys: is a forging method that uses external force to deform titanium and titanium alloys on special equipment to obtain forgings with microstructure, performans, shape and size;
(1) Özellikler: high production efficiency, suitable for mass production of titanium alloy forgings; high surface quality and precision of castings, good internal performance; saving metal materials;
Çözüm: Why Titanium Forging is Essential for High-Performance Applications
Özetle, the forging processes of titanium and titanium alloys—including free forging, hot die forging, and special forging—are critical for producing components with superior mechanical properties, precision, ve dayanıklılık. Whether through the flexibility of open die forging or the precision of hot die forging, these methods optimize the microstructure and eliminate defects that can arise during casting. Bu, titanyum dövmeyi havacılık ve uzay gibi endüstriler için ideal kılar, tıbbi ekipman, otomotiv, ve endüstriyel imalat, nerede yüksek performans, güvenilir parçalar önemlidir.
Yüksek kaliteli titanyum dövme hizmetlerini keşfetmek istiyorsanız veya projeniz için özelleştirilmiş titanyum alaşımlı parçalara ihtiyacınız varsa, Özel gereksinimlerinizi nasıl karşılayabileceğimiz hakkında daha fazla bilgi edinmek için bugün bizimle iletişime geçin.